Improvement in carriage-top irons



H. K. PORTER. Carriage Top-Iron.

Patented Oct. 23,1877.4

h4 PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER. WASMANGTONy D c.

HENRxx PORTER, 0E BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMP'RQVEMENT IN cARRlVAeg-Top moines. i

vSpecification forming part of Letters Patent No. 196,477, dated October23, 1877; application filed `March 2 1, 1877. v

To all whom. t may 'concern Boston, "Statecf Massachusetts, haveinvented .Improvemets .11,1 Gefriaeeorona 0f vhih the following is .avspecification:

details or 4constituent parts of top'carriageirons fof the kind,'similar to that forwhilch. Letters Patent of the United States weregranted to me on the V18th day of November,

1873, and accompanying parts; and the-inventlon consists in the improvedarrangement of the hollow bosses by which the rail is lboltedV inposition; in the construction of the rail to receive thearrn-staygfinbosses or seats for the curtain-knobs formed upon the rail; in a sockj.acted standard 'formed to be securedtothe rail-holders, to receive therail throughgsu'ch socket, and to support the'backboard; in a socketformed longitudinally in the cast metal, either in theaxis of the'railproper, Aor in the top-'joint arni, to receive the wroughtironexvtension of the rail; in a seatformec'l 1in the top- -joint arm, toreceive a bow cushion or buffer; in a seat fornled'in said arm toreceive a seg- ,nient -or arc of wood, in forming -said arm with twoseats therein-Lone abovelfor an 1elastic buffer, and Vone below forasectionlof woodyin a socketed iron frame removable from said'- arin,andprovidedwith seats for the wood andbufer; ina stopwasher and slottedcollar, by

which the washer is -held from rotation4 when tilted yuponfby *the topijoints, all Aas will, by V the aid of the accompanying drawings, be

.herein fully described.

VIn said drawings, Figure l is a top -or plan Vviewlof the rail, withone knob, k, and onebolt,

J. .111 rostiea @1161.01.16 0f' .621.011 Qmtteaend 'f sfhowingthearmstay and backboard-prop in section. Fig. 2 is asideelevation,showing= the rail with ythe joint-,nuts removed, one knobomitted, and the'backboard and one ofitssupports in position.' Fig. 3 isa vertical transversesection of the top-j ointarin, taken online A B,Fig. 1f Fig. ei'isa horizontal :longitudinal section `of' saidltop-joint arm, taken through the axis thereof on line C l), Fig. v2,

V and also showing, in section, a recess .coredin the axis of the rail.Fig. 5 isa detached verticalsection taken on vline E F, Fig. 1K, showingthe back-rail in transverse section, and

n v t. i the lower portion of the'backboard-standard Be it known that I,HENRY AK. PORTER, of'

in-longitudinal section, with the wrought-iron screw-start as securedtherein bycasting the metal around it. Fig. l6 is a section like Fig.

A i t Y 5, except' that .it shows said start as secured in 1 `The objectof myinvention is to improve the extension inserted in a socket in theaxis ofl that part of the cast-metal rail which extends in the directionof the seat-back. Fig. 8 is a 'section`si1nilar 'to Fig. 7, except thatit shows the wrought-iron extension inserted in a socket formedlongitudinally in the cast-metal rail at tliejunction of thetop-jointarm. Fig. vSlis a -view siinilarto Nos'. '-7 and 8, except ,that-itshows a square-corner rail, and the wrought- -i'ro'n extension inserted'in a socket formed in anextension ofthe Ycast railthat extends in thedirection and over the seat-back. Fig. l0 -is a detached top view of amodification of the metal part of'niy top-joint arm. Fig. l11 is anunder-'side 'viewof the saine'. Fig. l2 is a transverse section of thesaine, taken on line GH, Figs. 10 and 11,and showing the elastic bufferand wood portion in position.V Fi 13 is also' a transverse section ofl ainodirication Vof said arm. Fig. liisaside,elevationof a modificationofinytop-iron stop-washen Fig.A

1 spon'din'g parts-in the several .figures In vthese drawings, arepresents the rail proper, which is secured @to the seat-'side by thebolts j j, which pass through the hollow bosses g g, ,andY also throughtheirons, which vare permanently'secured 4tothe seat, and there bysecure the rail in place. b is` theltop-joint arm, which is formed as anintegral part of the rail, and upon thepivot n of which thelowerlendroi` the -back top-joint is secured.` c is a lrail of wrought-iron,which is securedin alongitudinal socket formed in 'the cast metal a, asshown, and which extends along the seat-back ,froln'side vto side of thecarriage, uniting the two rails @or-it inayextend any less desireddistance. vlhis back-rail is supported at suitable distances by thestandards d. Through the holes s (formed Vini the standards) the rail:

passes. These standards, formed of malleable iron, have a 1iiattened andwidened portion at their upperV end, as shown in Fig. 17, `which is`let'into the bachboard iiush with itsback side, and is securedbyserews.1 Its lower end ter- Ying it into the standard, as shown inFig. 6, or

byinserting itin a smooth-bored hole and se-J curing it by `a rivet.

*l @is thearni-stay, the front end ofl which is` seeuredby riveting, orascrew-mitin the hole in boss Informed in raila, between therbolts Yj,-and like the bosses y.k `The upper end of this Y stay turns zinwardly, and is secured to the s baclrboard f in the usuali manner. i.The bosses L present a circular area in plane, cfa size to 1 receive thebase of knobsa, which thus are assured a firm. seat, withgreatly-diminished i Y strain upon the pivots-,ha result unattainable Yi when 1the rail iis formed; with anoval, crosssection in its entirelength, as heretofore.

- The cross section of :arm I), between :coli lars ai, or shoulders,and-,"a2.,1is shown in Fig. l 3. In this arni is formed the seat for theelas i :tic buffer a, (shown in said iigure,) and the cirele iscompleted by the wood e, to @which the kleather covering e may benailed. A circular collar or shoulders, el, is formed uponthe rail,andifrom it the `armfb extends tothe circular collar ker 'shoulders e,formed upon the arm,

f1 emi @which the pivot a extends, and uponV which it is formed. i InFigs.` 10,1 i111, l2,1 this` arm is shown with a cross-section variedfrom that in Fig. 3, the cross-section of the wood o being an arc of acircle, and the buffer u of such form as may be readily cut from a sheetof proper material, the short spurs, b', formed on the arm serving tohold the wood in position. Fig. 13 also shows a modification of thisarm, in that a central passage through the metal admits'a small rail-armto extend through it, while the buifer u has the saine form as in Fig.12; but the wood has a longitudinal groove formed in its plane, toreceive the projection of the socket, as also to hold the wood in place.In Fig. 4, a cored hole, c', is shown, which is arranged longitudinallyin rail a, and at right angles to the hole cored in arm b, for thereception of backrail c. This hole c' is for the purpose ofstrengthening the rail at this point by preventing shrinks in the metal.The collar a2, or shoulder, which is formed upon arm b has a space cutaway from its lower edge, as shown in Fig. 2, and marked fr. The

cutting away of this space serves the double purposeof rendering thepivot n stronger, and

serves as a recess in which the stud or stop q,

formed on the washer d', (shown in Figs. 1, 15, 16,) engages, andthereby prevents the rotation of this washer by the action of thetopjoint eyes, when the top is raised or lowered.

This washer protects the leather covering z from wear and abrasion bythe action of the top-joints; `The :cap-nuts Vwww :are threaded upontheendsor pivots a af of therail, in the; f i

usualmanner., forming; the inV relation to theV axis` of the` raile,and1also.

a greater uniformity of the bulk ofzinetal is thereby secured, Vand alonger Vline of subdi-` vision is obtained.

bosses g and *Itcentrally` Y withthe diagonal lineof the ksquare holescos incident with the1 axial line of the rail, the Y `strength of therail `is largely increased, as the l liabilityof shrinksf Vso called, isavoided, as`

`The chamber or passage through the arm l Y s s 11,ias shown in Figs.3,4,an`d 13,`is`i`orn1ed in;y .s the actofcastingtherail, and bythe'proeess known by theterin coringfand the; :collars` or shoulders el;and, e2 are ini like manner iformed; by casting, and areintegral partsof Vthe casting, and `not removable tliierei'rom.-` 1 i s Y I donotclaiimbroadly, atop-prop block, for j Y I ain aware thatvarious kindshave beenpatkented Vand used, nor` :do I claim `reniovahle 1 washers orcollars, kbroadly or in the abstract, eitherof metal orofwood; .nordo Iclaim cers Y tain knobsY formed as an integral part of `the rail;V nor`do I elai1n,; broadly, a prop 1 block f haring a seat for; au; elasticbuer. formed` Y therein. i Iclann'as myinvention,

1. In a cast-metal 1seat-rail, a

inthe direction` of the axis of the rail proper,

esentati .Y Vpassage formed `longitudinally therein, either` or in thearm b, for theinsertionand securing oftherailc, substantially in mannerasde#V scribed.aaidshown s s s 2. In a seat-rail, an arm, b, formed asan integral part of such rail, and also formed with a seat or recess inthe top side thereof for the reception of an elastic buffer,substantially as described and shown.

3. In a seat-rail, an arm, b, formed as an integral part of such rail,and also formed with a seat or recess in the under side thereof, for

the reception 0i' a section of wood, substantially as described andshown.

4. In a seat-rail, an arm, b, formed as an integral part of such rail,and also formed with a seat or recess in both the upper and under sidethereof, for the reception and securing of both an elastic buffer and asection of wood in said recesses, respectively,substantially asdescribed and shown.

5. In a seat-rail having the arm b formed as an integral part thereof, acollar or shoulder, a, formed at the intersection of such rail and arm,and as a constituent part thereof, substantially as described and shown.

6. In a seat-rail, arm b, formed with seats or recesses, substantiallyas described, the fixed shoulder a2, formed as a part of said arm, and

asa boundary to said recesses or seats, substantially as described andshown.

7. A seat-rail arm or sleeve formed with a shoulder a2, for a boundaryof such seats, and through or from which the pivot n extends, allsubstantially as described and shown.

8. In a seat-rail, the hollow bosses g g, When arranged centrally inrelation to the vertical axis of the rail, and having the diagonal lineof the squarey holes in the line of such axis.

9. In a seat-rail, the circular planes or bases i, formed as aconstituent part of the rail, and to serve both as a base for the knobsk and a re-enforcement of the rail when the hole for the knob-shankpasses through it.

10. The arm-stay boss h, formed centrally in the line of the `Verticalaxis of the rail, and with the diagonal line of the square hole in theline of such axis, substantially as and for the purposes specified. l

1l. In carriage-top irons, the collar a, having a space, o, cut from theperiphery thereof,

and the Washer d', formed With the stop q, to

interlock in such space, substantially as described and shown.

12. The back-standard d, formed with a passage or aperture, s, for theback-rail c, a screw-stud, t, and also formed to be attached to thebackboardf, substantially as described.

EBEN HUToHrNsoN, T. W. PORTER.

